Electrolysis /ɪˌlɛkˈtrɒlɪsɪs/- (electro and Greek. lysis-melting, decomposition, separation) is a chemical process that occurs in an electrolyte when a constant electric current passes through it. In this case, the ions of the electrolyte move towards the electrodes, i.e. the positively charged ions (cations) move towards the cathode, and the negatively charged ions (anions) move towards the anode. The quality change of the electrolyte composition depends on the character of the electrode processes of the formation of reduction products at the cathode and oxidation products at the anode. The change in quantity is expressed by Faraday’s laws. Many metals, alkalis, chlorine, hydrogen, oxygen, some organic substances and other chemical products are obtained on the basis of electrolysis. Electrolysis in the purification of metals obtained by non-electrochemical methods; protective and decorative metal coatings (galvanostegia); It is used to restore the shape of an object (galvanoplasty).
Ex.To prevent the deposition of gold on the cathode, the electrolysis is carried out in a cell equipped with a membrane.